Basic sound equipment debugging

1. How to adjust the microphone?

At present, the dynamic microphone speakers used in popular and popular singing should be placed as far as possible not to cover the microphone pickup area. If the singing is lack of confidence, add mid-to-high frequency to emphasize his brightness. The confidence is very strong to reduce the low frequency to save the voice from breaking. Women add low frequency to thicker, men add high frequency to transparent.

2.How to tune?

①The equipment's turn-on and turn-off sequence

From audio source equipment (CD player, DVD player,), audio processing equipment (effects, etc.) to power amplifier to TV, projector, etc. The sequence is reversed when shutting down, and the power amplifier should be turned off first. This operation can prevent the impact of turning on and off the device, and prevent the power amplifier and speakers from being burned.

②Debug

1. The volume of the power amplifier (microphone (including fine-tuning), music) potentiometer is adjusted to the appropriate position;

2. The sound quality compensation knobs are all placed in the middle position.

3. Test the microphone sensitivity and dynamic performance first, and then add reverberation and accompaniment music to sing. The singing voice should be processed by reverberation, and it should be more rounded, fuller and layered than the original song, and full of liveness.

4. Test the accompaniment music: turn on the accompaniment music to the normal working volume; but pay attention to the volume is moderately pleasing, too loud and easy to be tired and unbearable. (The tuner should listen to the effect in different positions. For example, stereo sound image, sound quality Wait, the repertoire played should be familiar to me).

The requirements for musical effects should be dynamic and aesthetic. The treble should not be harsh, the bass should not be muddy, and the singing voice should be clear, such as the clear and audible teeth of a female voice. But not too heavy.

5. Attention should be paid to cancel the original singing voice during the formal singing.

3. Tuning points:

①The tuner should monitor the left and right channels separately. You should be familiar with the relationship between monitoring sound and live sound, which depends largely on your personal hearing.

② Use reverberation to beautify the singing voice. For non-professional singers, reverberation should be increased appropriately to cover up noise and defects in vocalization.

③When the volume is small, pay attention to increase the low frequency and high frequency; when the volume is high, increase the intermediate frequency appropriately to enhance the brightness of the sound.

④The tuning is based on singing. When the singing voice appears, gradually lower the accompaniment to accentuate the singing voice.

⑤For disco or rock music, pay attention: Do not turn the compensation button violently when raising the bass, so as not to damage the amplifier and speakers due to excessive power output.

⑥If feedback whistling occurs, quickly reduce the total volume of the microphone (or fine-tune the knob) to remove the whistling sound, and then gradually increase it after finding the cause

4. Debugging skills of human voice

The human voice is a composite sound. It is composed of the fundamental tone of the sound and a series of overtones. These overtones are the digits of the pitch frequency. Physics is called partial tones, electroacoustics is called harmonics, and music is called overtones. The amplitude of low-frequency overtones is stronger, and the tone is thick; the amplitude of mid-frequency overtones is stronger, and the tone is rounded, natural, and harmonious; the amplitude of high-frequency overtones is stronger, and the tone is bright, clear, and resolving. Strong.

If the high-frequency band is too weak, its tone will become dull, lack of charm, and personality; if the high-frequency band is too strong, the tone will become noisy and harsh.

If the frequency in the mid-high frequency range is too weak, the tone will become dim and hazy; if the frequency in the mid-high frequency range is too strong, its tone will become dull.

If the frequency of the low frequency range is too weak, the tone will become thin and pale; if the frequency of the low frequency range is too strong, the tone will become muddy.

5. Adjustment of reverberation time

Reverberation usually determines the length of the reverberation and has a direct impact on the color and clarity of the sound. In general:

① When the bass is singing, the reverberation time can be shortened to improve the clarity of the sound; if it is a soprano singing, the reverberation time can be appropriately extended to increase the color of the sound.

②For a concert venue, if the walls around the room are made of wooden materials, then it has a certain reverberation effect. At this time, the reverberation time should be adjusted to avoid the sound blurring; on the contrary, if the room is Glass structure, or hung with sound-absorbing materials such as flannel curtains, such a room lacks reverberation, the reverberation time should be increased to avoid dry sound.

③The size of the audience also has a great influence, because the costumes of the audience also have a great absorption effect on the sound. Generally speaking, the tuner can choose a suitable reverberation time between 1-2 seconds.

④ Usually the reverberation time is between 0.7~1.2ms. The simple way is to clap your hands in the room and feel the reverberation state of the sound in the room. If the resonance is moderate, it means that the reverberation time of the room is appropriate.

6. How to adjust the ratio between microphone volume and accompaniment volume

① For a good song, in terms of volume distribution, the accompaniment music should account for 40%, and the singing voice should account for 60%.

②If the singer's voice is good, the volume of some accompaniment music can be appropriately reduced to emphasize the singer's singing; if the singer is not very familiar with the melody of the song, it is easy to sing out of tune and fail to shoot. In order to conceal these shortcomings, At this time, some accompaniment volume can be appropriately increased.

③In operation, care should be taken not to increase the volume of the microphone too much, and even to lose the atmosphere of karaoke; and do not make the accompaniment sound too strong and "overwhelm" the singer's singing voice.

7. How to adjust the tone of accompaniment music

The accompaniment music is played according to the original singer's tone, and it cannot adapt to the noise conditions of every singer.

①In order to allow the accompaniment music to take care of the voice characteristics of each singer, the tuner should have an accurate judgment on the voice characteristics of the singer.

②When singing, first put the pitch control in the middle position, neither raising nor lowering. At the beginning of a song, if the singer can adjust the tune up, there is no need to adjust it; on the contrary, if the singer feels that the low range cannot be sung, or the high range cannot keep up, he can adjust the accompaniment pitch to suit the singer according to the actual situation. Vocal range

8. How to adjust the proportion of direct sound and reverberation sound

Too much reverberation and too little direct sound will cause serious distortion of the sound, which is as vague as the sound heard in the bathroom or bathhouse, which is the so-called "bathroom effect".

① Appropriately increasing the proportion of reverberation sound is conducive to simulating the natural reverberation effect, making the sound full and beautiful, and increasing the three-dimensional sense of the audience and the audience.

②In the case of no special requirements, the reverberation adjustment knob can be adjusted to the middle position (or a little smaller), that is, the ratio of direct sound to reverberation is 1:1. In this way, the sound will not be distorted, but also has a certain reverberation effect.

9. The relationship between speakers and the environment

Experienced people have this experience, the same pair of KTV speakers will perform differently in different environments. (Change in area size and decoration situation)

①Usually: Use the equalizer on the power amplifier to modify (enhance or weaken the high and low sounds). The disadvantage is that the frequency point of the defect caused by the sound build is difficult to be consistent with the frequency point of the power amplifier equalization. The auditory sense after compensation seems to be more balanced, but the frequency response characteristics are not smooth enough, which makes the level worse, and I feel unsatisfied when I sing.

②The sound king can minimize this phenomenon. The internal quality is improved, and the multiple reflections in the box are minimized, so that the sound becomes "pure". With more guide holes (2), the "rebound" sound in the box will be significantly less

③ Blocking different holes will have different sound effects. When the speaker is not too far away from the back wall, roof, or corner (within 1 meter), the difference in sound effect is even greater.

10. Relax and tired when singing (analysis of speaker sound quality)

①It is the width of the sound range that has a great influence on the degree of ease. (TV theory, the range of vocal perception refers to the mid-range)

② Sensitivity is the second place for ease. The same system is always more relaxed when the volume is louder than when it is lower, that is, a louder sound can be made with a smaller force, and it is naturally relaxed.

③The third element that affects the degree of ease is sound dyeing. (In addition to the normal sound emitted from the speakers, there will be unpleasant frictional sounds during singing. These extra sounds are sound dyeing.) Singing with sound dyed speakers is like a lot of things are blocked in the sound channel. The sound finally passed through

④The latter one that has a greater impact on the degree of ease is the processing of reverberation (reverberation).

11. The relationship between reverberation and speaker resolution (clarity)

①The reverberation is always getting weaker and weaker. The higher the resolution of the system, the more sufficient and clearer the reverberation can be restored.

②As the speakers mostly use paper cone treble, the crossover is not as sophisticated as Hi-Fi, and there are not enough measures in many links, it is difficult to achieve high resolution. The commonly used remedy is to add an incentive function to the electrical system. (DSP-8600)

③The links that affect the resolution include: speakers, power amplifiers, microphones and transmission lines. The more prominent ones are speakers and microphones.

Listening training methods:

Singing speaker comparison method

A power amplifier test sound greater than 150% of the normal power of the speaker can be used to express the sound of the speaker, but it cannot be used in the case of distortion. Comparison of several key points of singing speakers:

A. Musicality

Whether low power, medium power, and high power are consistent with the sound phase ratio, it cannot be expressed when the power is low, or the bass is too strong at high power, or the treble decibel is too high, and the sound phase ratio is inconsistent.

Whether it is suitable for all kinds of music, it does not choose the characteristics of music and adapts to a wide range of parties as a good singing speaker.

B. Singing

Bass diffusion: Hey, oh, oh, audition, with diffuse bass, it’s magnetic and easy to sing

Transition richness of mid-bass and mid-treble: find a mid-high sharp rise, or mid-low sharp drop, fast, undulating singing audition, well-transposed speakers, relaxed, lively and emotional.

Treble, treble frequency, brightness, and distortion: What is difficult to deal with is the treble part of the treble, with the KEY high, the treble that is good for a small song is bright and not distorted.

Is the sense of throat appropriate?

1. Sing quietly 2. Sing loudly and boldly 3. Sing up and down 4. Sing fast, sing slowly 5. Sing with many people

Whether it adapts to all kinds of sound pressure, fast rhythm, full rhythm, and all types of singing can be expressed

C. The integrity of the mixed comparison between musicality and singing

Generally, Karaoke singers have poor hearing when singing, and only feel good to sing (whether the throat feels good or not, comfortable or uncomfortable)

The listener needs to feel whether it is gentle and appropriate, whether the sound phase is good, the person who needs the song, and the listener also compare their differences

D. Long-term continuous audition, warm heart

Many people sing together and sing for 2-3 hours continuously. Whether it feels easy to get tired or warm your mind, a good singing speaker needs to be durable for long-term use and hot-spotting.